Swami Vivekananda The Friend of All

Swami Vivekananda The Friend of All

Swami Vivekananda The Friend of All  

A SHORT LIFE OF SWAMI VIVEKANANDA

A SHORT LIFE OF SWAMI VIVEKANANDA

A SHORT LIFE OF SWAMI VIVEKANANDA

Swamy Vivekananda's Karma Yoga

Swamy Vivekananda's Karma Yoga

Swamy Vivekananda's Raja Yoga

Swamy Vivekananda's Raja Yoga 

Sarojini Naidu, The Nightingale of India

Sarojini Naidu, The Nightingale of India

Sarojini Naidu was an Indian independence activist, poet and politician. A renowned orator and accomplished poet, she is often known by the moniker ‘The Nightingale of India’. As a prodigious child, Naidu wrote the play "Maher Muneer", which earned her a scholarship to study abroad. She became the second woman president of the Indian National Congress. She was the first woman Governor of an Indian state after independence. Her collection of poems earned her literary acclaim. In 1905, she published her first book, a collection of poems, under the title of "Golden Threshold". A contemporary poet, Bappaditya Bandopadhyay quoted "Sarojini Naidu inspired the Indian renaissance movement and had a mission to improve the life of Indian woman.”

Childhood and Early Life

Sarojini Naidu (née Chattopadhyay) was born on February 13, 1879 in Hyderabad. Her father, Dr. Aghore Nath Chattopadhyay was a scientist, philosopher, and educator. He founded the Nizam College of Hyderabad. Her mother, Varada Sundari Devi was a poetess in the Bengali language. Dr. Aghore Nath Chattopadhyay was the first member of the Indian National Congress in Hyderabad. For his socio-political activities, Aghore Nath was dismissed from his position of Principal. One of his brothers, Virendranath Chattopadhyay, played key role in establishing the Berlin Committee. As a political activist involved in India’s on-going struggle for self-rule, he was heavily influenced by Communism. Her second brother Harindranath Chattopadhyay was a renowned poet and a successful playwright.  Her sister, Sunalini Devi was a dancer and actress

Since childhood, Sarojini was a very bright and intelligent child. She was proficient in multiple languages including English, Bengali, Urdu, Telugu and Persian. She topped her matriculation exams from Madras University. Her father wanted Sarojini to become a mathematician or scientist, but young Sarojini was attracted to poetry. 

She applied her prodigious literary skills to write a 1300 lines long poem in English titled ‘The Lady of the Lake’. Impressed with Sarojini’s skills of expressing emotions with appropriate words, Dr. Chattopadhyaya encouraged her works. Few months later, Sarojini, with assistance from her father, wrote the play "Maher Muneer" in the Persian language. 

Sarojini's father distributed some copies of the play among his friends and relatives. He also sent a copy to the Nizam of Hyderabad. Impressed with the works of the little child, the Nizam granted her a scholarship to study overseas. At the age of 16, she got admission in the King's College, England and later joined Girton College in Cambridge. There, she had the opportunity to meet prominent English authors like Arthur Simon and Edmond Gausse who inspired her to write on themes relevant to India. They advised Sarojini "To be a genuine Indian poet of Deccan, not a clever machine-made imitator of the English classics" which led her to seek inspiration from India’s natural beauty, religious pluralism and the essence of the country’s social milieu.

Sarojini met Muthyala Govindarajulu Naidu, a South Indian, and a non-Brahmin physician while she was studying in England and fell in love. After returning to India, she married him at the age of 19, with his family’s blessings. They were married by the Brahmo Marriage Act (1872), in Madras in 1898. The marriage took place at a time when inter-caste marriages were not allowed and tolerated in the Indian society. Her marriage was a very happy one. They had four children. 

Role in the Indian National Movement

Sarojini was initiated into the Indian political arena by iconic stalwarts of the Indian freedom struggle, Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Gandhi. She was deeply affected by the partition of Bengal in 1905 and decided to join the Indian freedom struggle. She met regularly with Gopal Krishna Gokhale, who in turn introduced her to the otherleaders of the Indian freedom movement. Gokhale urged her to devote her intellect and education for the cause. She took a respite from writing and devoted herself fully to the political cause. She met Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, C. P. Ramaswami Iyer and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Her relationship with Gandhi was that of mutual respect as well as of benign humour. She famously called Gandhi ‘Mickey Mouse’ and quipped "It costs a lot to keep Gandhi poor!”

She met Jawaharlal Nehru in 1916, worked with him for the disheartening conditions of the Indigo workers of Champaran in the western district of Bihar and fought vehemently with the British for their rights. Sarojini Naidu travelled all over India and delivered speeches on welfare of youth, dignity of labor, women's emancipation and nationalism. In 1917, she helped found the Women’s India Association with Annie Besant and other prominent leaders. She also presented to Congress the need to involve more women in the freedom struggle. She travelled extensively to the United States of America and many European countries as the flag-bearer of the Indian Nationalist struggle.

In March 1919, the British government passed the Rowlatt Act by which the possession of seditious documents was deemed illegal. Mahatma Gandhi organized the Non-Cooperation Movement to protest and Naidu was the first to join the movement. Sarojini Naidu religiously followed Gandhi’s example and actively supported his other campaigns like the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, the Khilafat issue, the Sabarmati Pact, the Satyagraha Pledge and the Civil Disobedience Movement. When Gandhi was arrested after the Salt March to Dandi in 1930, she led the Dharasana Satyagraha with other leaders. She accompanied Gandhi to London to take part in the Round Table Talks with the British Government in 1931. Her political activities and role in the Freedom struggle led to several stints in prison – in 1930, 1932, and 1942. Her 1942 arrest led to imprisonment for 21 months.

She went to England in 1919 as a member of the All-India Home Rule Deputation. In January 1924, she was one of the two delegates of the Indian National Congress to attend the East African Indian Congress. As a result of her selfless contribution to the cause of freedom, she was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress Party in 1925.

Naidu played an immense role in presenting the nuances of the Indian non-violent struggle for freedom to the world. She travelled to Europe and even to the United states to disseminate Gandhian principles and was partly responsible for establishing him as this icon of peace.

After the independence of India, she became the first governor of the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh) and remained in the role till her death in 1949. Her birthday, March 2, is honoured as Women's Day in India.

Literary Achievements

Besides her role and contribution to the Indian Nationalist Movement, Sarojini Naidu is also revered for her contribution in the field of Indian poetry. Many of her works were transformed into songs. She drew her inspiration from nature as well as surrounding daily life and her poetry echoed with the ethos of her patriotism. In 1905, her collection of poems was published under the title "Golden Threshold". Later, she also published two other collections called "The Bird of Time", and "The Broken Wings", both of which attracted huge readership in both India and England. Apart from poetry, she also penned articles and essays like ‘Words of Freedom’ on her political beliefs and social issues like women empowerment.

Death & Legacy

Sarojini Naidu was the first women Governor of Uttar Pradesh. On 2nd March 1949, Sarojini Naidu died at Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. She lived her glorious life by her own words, “As long as I have life, as long as blood flows through this arm of mine, I shall not leave the cause of freedom…I am only a woman, only a poet. But as a woman, I give to you the weapons of faith and courage and the shield of fortitude. And as a poet, I fling out the banner of song and sound, the bugle call to battle. How shall I kindle the flame which shall waken you men from slavery...” Her childhood residence at Nampally was bequeathed to the University of Hyderabad by her family and it was christened as ‘The Golden Threshold’ after Naidu’s 1905 publication. The University renamed its School of Fine Arts and Communication as ‘Sarojini Naidu School of Arts and Communication’ to honour the Nightingale of India.

Gender Sensitisation

Gender Sensitisation

What is gender?

Gender is generally confused with sex. According to biological and psychological definitions, there is a wide difference between sex and gender. 

What is sex?

Sex, the term is a biological which refers to the functional differences between males and females and their reproductive potential. It can further be defined as 

a. sex is determined by genes in chromosomes, and

b. male and female are biological terms.

What is gender?

Gender is a psychological term which refers to our awareness and reaction to biological sex. It can be further expanded as

a) Gender is determined by biological, psychological and sociological factors, and 

b) Masculine and feminine are psychological terms which refer to a person's gender. 

Gender role: 

It may be defined as, adoption of masculine or feminine behavioural traits that are deemed appropriate or characteristic of a particular sex or as roles which are classified by sex, where this classification is social and not biological.

 For example, if childbearing is classified as a female role, it is a female gender role, not a female sex role.

Gender identity: 

It is a person's private, subjective sense of their own sex. 

• Gender is not another word for woman.
• Gender is not another word for sexual difference. 
• Gender awareness means the ability to identify problems arising from gender inequality and discrimination, even if these are not very evident on the surface. 

Gender sensitization 

Gender sensitization refers to the modification of behaviour by raising awareness of gender equality concerns. Gender sensitization theories claim that modification of the behavior of teachers and parents towards children can have a causal effect on gender equality. Gender sensitizing "is about changing behavior and instilling empathy into the views that we hold about our own and the other gender. It helps people in "examining their personal attitudes and beliefs and questioning the 'realities' they thought they know."

Gender sensitisation is a weapon towards Gender Equity, Equal Opportunity and Women Empowerment which is essential for creating sustainable development as enshrined in our Constitution. The State & Central Government are making continuous efforts to realize these promises through Policies & Programs. The progress achieved in this direction has a mixed outcome and there is still long way to realize the objectives of the Equitable Society, Gender Equity and inclusive Development without discrimination which can be achieved bringing awareness among the people about the Rights given under the Constitution and the pro- women Acts and laws affecting women’s right and empowerment in India involves a complex pattern of advances and setbacks.

Gender sensitization training is the practical tool for analysing gender relations and provides adequate information regarding major factors that influence and are responsible for maintaining or change the structure of gender relations. It is also a development intervention which aims at awareness, knowledge, skill and behaviour in relation to gender. It concerns with developing skills, capacity to translate such awareness into very specific tools that can be used into practice.  

The pitfalls in development due to Gender inequalities, discrimination, denial/deprivation/in accessibility/violence against women are now cannot be overlooked or sidelined. The nations are well aware of the situation arising out of Gender inequalities and discrimination. The Civil Societies are making efforts by pressing the Governments in power to address these issues. But the magnitude of the problem is so high we cannot wait the situation to take its course as the danger due to neglect issues related to Gender is so phenomenal and colossal. The pro-active initiation towards Gender sensitisation is to ensure adoption of Gender Budgeting at all levels in the letter & spirit. Participation of Women in the processes of Governance is very strongly felt to fulfil the above aspirations. Commitment from the state to ensure women participation in Governance at all levels should be seen in action than in paper. The attitudinal problem of the society against women due to socio-cultural system detrimental to the safety and security of women are posing great threats. Women are pushed to be mute spectators in all the above situations living them in a hopeless situation. It is time to stop shedding tears for all the evils forced on women and get into more civilized and responsible acts leading women to a life with dignity, equity, opportunity and empowerment so that they play major role in building a strong nation. Gender equality is, first and foremost, a human right. A woman is entitled to live in dignity and in freedom from want and from fear. Empowering women is also an indispensable tool for advancing development and reducing poverty. Empowered women contribute to the health and productivity of whole families and communities and to improved prospects for the next generation.  

References

1. Indian Audit and Accounts Department, Courseware on Common Administrative Issues, Reservation Rosters, Vigilance and Disciplinary Proceedings

2. State Institute for Urban Development ATI Campus, Lalitha Mahal Road, Mysore-570 011

Swamy Vivekananda A Biography by Nikhilananda

Swamy Vivekananda  A Biography

by Nikhilananda

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To View /  download click  Swamy Vivekananda A Biography

CIPET Skill Development Training for SC Unemployed Youth

 Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET)

Hyderabad

Skill Development Training for SC Unemployed Youth

Ten Essential Qualities of a Good Engineer

Ten Essential Qualities of a Good Engineer

Every engineer must possess a variety of qualities to become a good engineer. The qualities are as follows:

1. Problem Solving Skills

Engineers must be able to

• identify and define the problem to be solved
• develop alternative design solutions
• implement the solution finally selected

2. Effective Communication Skills

Engineers must be able to convey ideas effectively in written as well as in oral form.

3. Highly Ethical and Professional Behaviour

Engineers must be able to recognize and resolve ethical dilemmas, and behave in a professional manner at all times and under all circumstances.

4. An Open Mind and Positive Attitude

If engineers are to be successful in solving challenging technical problems, they must be both imaginative and optimistic that their efforts will bear fruit.

5. Proficiency In Mathematics and Science

Engineers must be adept in mathematical techniques and knowledgeable about science

6. Technical Skills

Engineers must acquire the appropriate set of technical skills if they are to perform well in their chosen profession.

7. Motivation to Continue Learning

Given that both technology and scientific knowledge are expanding at an incredibly rapid rate, engineers must be willing and able to acquire new skills and knowledge in their areas of of expertise.

8. Knowledge of Business Strategies and Management Practices

Engineers must be familiar with such strategies and practices if they are able to succeed in industry.

9. Computer Literacy

Engineers must be familiar with the latest computer technology if they are to use it in effective ways in various engineering applications.

10. Understanding of World Affairs and Cultures

It is critical to understand cultural differences if one is to work in harmony with others from around the world, as tomorrow’s engineers will do.    

Reference :- ‘Engineering by Design’ by Gerard Voland (1999)

The list of vegetable names in English and Telugu

The list of vegetable names in English and Telugu

	ENGLISH	TELUGU
	Amaranthus	Totakura
	Ash Gourd	Boodidha Gummidikaya
	Asparagus	Pilli peechara chandra vanka gaddalu
	Aubergine	Bajji Vankaya
	Balloon vine	Buddakakara, Ekkudutige
	Bamboo shoot	Veduru Chiguru
	Beetroot	Beetroot
	Betel leaf	Tamalapaku
	Bitter gourd	Kakarakaya
	Bottle Gourd	Anapakaya/Sorakaya
	Breadfruit	Seema Panasa
	Brinjal/Egg plant	Vankaya
	Broad beans, Kidney Bean	Chikkudukaya
	Broccoli	Green Cauliflower
	Butternut Squash	Thiyya Gummadikaya, Thipi Gummadikaya
	Cabbage	Cabbage
	Capsicum/Bell Pepper	Bengaluru Mirapakayi
	Carrot	Carrot
	Cassava/Tapioca	Karrapendalam
	Cauliflower	Cauliflower
	Celery	Vamaku
	Centella	Saraswataku, Brahmi
	Chayote	Seema Vankaya
	Chenopodium album, lamb’s quarters	Pappukura
	Cluster Beans	Goru Chikkudukaya
	Colocasia/Yam	Chamadumpa/Chemagadda
	Coriander leaves	Kothimeera
	Corn	Mokkajonna Kandelu
	Cowpeas	Bobbarlu(Jhulungo)
	Cucumber	Kheera Dosakaya
	Curry leaves	Karivepaku
	Delhi Carrot	Pink Carrot
	Dill	Soya Koora
	Dock Sorrel	Chukkakura
	Drumstick	Mulakada
	Elephant Apple	Velakkaya
	Elephant Foot Yam	Kanda gadda
	Fenugreek Leaves	Menthi kura
	Fetid Cassia	Chakramarda, Prapunnada
	Field Bean	Anumulu
	French Bean, Green Beans, String Beans	Beans
	Green chilli	Pacchi Mirapakaya
	Green Eggplant, Green Brinjal	Paccha Vankaya
	Green Mango	Pachchi Mamidikaya
	Green Peas	Pachi Batani
	Indian Nettle	Harita-Manjari, Kupintaku
	Ivy Gourd/Gherkins	Dondakaya
	Jicama, Mexican Turnip, Yam Bean	Kandha
	Kohlrabi	Noolkol
	Ladies Fingers	Bendakaya
	Leeks	Ulli Poraka
	Lemon	Nimmakaya
	Lime Leaves	Nimma Akulu
	Lotus Stem	Tamara Tudulu
	Malabar Spinach/Chinese Spinach	Bachhali
	Mango Ginger	Mamidallam
	Mint leaves	Pudina aaku
	Mushroom	Kukka Godugu
	Mustard leaves	Aava aaku
	Natal Plum, Cranberry	Vaakkayalu
	Onion	Ullipaya
	Parsnip	Mullangi
	Pink Beans, Horse gram	Ulavalu
	Plantain Flower/Banana Flower	Arati Puvvu
	Plantain Stem/Banana Stem	Arati Davva/Arati Duta
	Pointed Gourd	Potols
	Potato	Bangala Dumpa/Alugadda
	Pumpkin	Gummadikaya
	Purslane	Peddapaayala Kura
	Radish	Mullangi
	Radish Leaves	Mullangi Aaku
	Raw Banana	Pachi Aratikaya
	Raw Jackfruit	Panasapattu
	Raw Papaya	Pachi Boppayi
	Red Amaranth	Koyya Totakura
	Ridge Gourd	Beerakaya
	Rough Lime	Dabbapandu
	Scarlet Runner Beans	Chikkudukai, Chikkudukaya
	Sesbania Grandiflora	Agise
	Silk Squash / Egyptian Luffa	Neti Beerakaya
	Smooth Luffa, Chinese okra	Beerakaya
	Snake Gourd	Potlakaya
	Sorrel leaves/Kenaf	Gongura
	Spinach	Palakura
	Spring onion/ Green onion	Vulli Kada
	Sweet Potato	Chilakada Dumpa
	Sword Beans	Chamma Kaya, Tamma Kaya
	Table Radish	Mulangi
	Tamarind tender leaf shoots	Chintha Chiguru aaku
	Teasel Gourd/Spiny Gourd	Aakakarakaya
	Tomato	Tomato
	Turkey Berry	Kottuvastu
	Turnip	Tella Dumpa
	Water Spinach	Gurukkoorakku, Tutikura
	White Radish	Telupu Mullangi
	Zucchini	Beera Kaaya